Step-06-(401-406).pmd

A.N.U. B.PHARMACY SYLLABUS (WITH EFFECT FROM 2008 - 09 ACADEMIC YEAR) II/IV B.Pharmacy (4th Semester)
401 PHARMACEUTICAL CHEMISTRY–III (MEDICINAL-I) Brief introduction to medicinal chemistry and development of medicinalchemistry, physicochemical properties of drugs in relation to biologicalaction, drug receptor interaction, transduction mechanism and G-coupledreceptors Sulphonamides: History, nomenclature, classification based onkinetics, clinical and chemical along with structures, metabolismcrystal urea, prodrug concept in sulphonomides, structure activity relationship(SAR), Therapeutic uses metabolism and synthesis ofsulphamethoxazole, trimethoprim, sulphacetamide, sulphapyridine,sulphasalazine, sulphamoxol, sulphafurazole, sulphaguanidine,sulphadoxine, sulphadimidine.
Atiinfective agents: Definition, classification, ideal requirements of antiinfectives, structures, synthesis and uses of important antiinfectives and synthesis of hexylresorcinol, nitrofurazone, chlorobutanol Antibiotics: Brief historical background and classification of antibioticsbased on spectrum, nature, chemical and mechanism of action.
Penicillins: Historical background, biological sources, nomenclature,classification of penicillins based on source and spectrum of activity alongwith structures of different penicillins, degradation of penicillins, semisynthetic penicilins, the effect of stereochemistry in designing orallyactive penicillins, depot penicillin preparations, general method ofsynthesis of pencillins from 6-Amino penicillanic acid(APA), structureactivity relation ship(SAR), mechanism of action, synthesis andtherapeutic uses of benzyl penicillin, ampicillin, amoxycillin, carbenicillin,phenoxymethyl penicillin. A note on β-lactamase inhibitors.
Cephalosporins: Biological sources, classification based on generation,degradation of cephalosporins, comparison of 6-Aminopenicillanicacid(APA) and 7-aminocephalosporanic acid (ACA), penam and cepham,structure activity relation ship(SAR), advantages over penicillins,structures and synthesis of cephalexin, cephaloridine, cefuroxime ,cefatoxime, cefoperazone and cefaclor.
A.N.U. B.PHARMACY SYLLABUS (WITH EFFECT FROM 2008 - 09 ACADEMIC YEAR) Tetracyclines : Biological sources, structures of the importanttetracyclines, important structural units and the three acidityconstants in the tetracycline molecule, amphoteric nature, epimerisation,chelation with metals, mechanism of action, spectrum of activity,structure activity relationship (SAR) and therapeutic uses.
Aminoglycosides: Structure, acid hydrolysis, mechanism of action,therapeutic uses, metabolism and toxicity of streptomycin.
structure of dihydrostreptomycin and its importance. A mention ofother aminoglycoside antibiotics. Synthesis, metabolism, SAR andtherapeutic importance of levorotatory form of chloramphenicol.
Macrolides: Classification, structure activity relationship (SAR)metabolism and toxicity.
Fluoro Quinolone antibacterials : Structure activity relationship (SAR)of quinolones, metabolism and synthesis of norfloxacin, gatifloxacin,nalidixic acid, sparfloxacin, pefloxacin and ofloxacin.
Antimalarials: Etiology of malaria, classification, mechanism of action,SAR, therapeutic uses, structures and synthesis of chloroquine,amodiaquine, primaquine, quinacrine, pyrimethamine andproguanil. A brief note on Artemisinin.
Anthelmintics: Definition, classification, mechanism of action ofanthelmintics, synthesis and therapeutic uses of diethylcarbamazine,mebendazole, niclosamide, pyrantelpamoate, albendazole, piperazinecitrate and niridazoleAntiamoebics: Classification and mechanism of action of antiamoebics,synthesis and therapeutic uses of metronidazole, diloxanide furoate,iodoquinol, furazolidone Antifungal agents: Introduction, classification, structures, mechanismof action and therapeutic uses of antifungal drugs, structure activityrelationship(SAR) of azole antifungal agents, structures and synthesisof benzoic acid, salicylic acid, clotrimazole, ketoconazole, fluconazole,tolnaftate, miconozole, econozole, griseofulvin and flucytosine.
Anti-Tubercular Drugs: Introduction, classification, structure activityrelationship (SAR), mechanism of action, structures of imortant antitu-bercular drugs and synthesis of INH, ethambutol, pyrazinamide,ethionamide and PASAntileprotics: Introduction, classification, structure activity relationship(SAR), metabolism, mechanism of action, synthesis of dapsone andclofazimine A.N.U. B.PHARMACY SYLLABUS (WITH EFFECT FROM 2008 - 09 ACADEMIC YEAR) Antiviral Drugs : Properties of virus, types of viruses, viralreplication, classification of antiviral drugs, chemical structures,mechanism of action and therapeutic uses of amantadine, nucleosideantimetabolites(iodoxuridine, vidarabine, acyclovir,famciclovir), reversetrascriptase inhibitors (zidovudine, lamivudine, stavudine, zalcitabine),nucleoside antimetabolites(ribavirin), nonnucleoside reverse transcriptaseinhibitors(nevirapine). A brief note on HIV protease inhibitors. Synthesisof amantidine and idoxuridine Anticancer Drugs: Introduction, classification, mode of action, structuresof important anticancer drugs, metabolism and synthesis of chlorambucil,cyclophosphamide, melphalan, cytarabin, 6 – thioguanine, thiotepa,busulphan, procarbazine, carmustine, 5-fluorouracil, 5-mercaptopurine,methotrexate. A brief account of vinca alkaloids and taxol TEXT BOOKS :1. Text book of Medicinal Chemistry by William O. Foye, Lea Febiger, 2. Wilson & Giswold’s Text book of organic Medicinal Chemistry and pharma- ceutical chemistry by JH Block & JM Beale (Eds), 11th Ed, Lipcott, Raven,Philadelphia, 2004.
3. D. Abraham (Ed), Burger Medicinal chemistry ad Drug discovery, Vol. 1 & 2.
4. Lippincott Williams and Wilkins: Remington Pharmaceutical Sciences5. Bentley and Driver’s Textbook of Pharmaceutical Chemistry L.M. Atherden.
6. B.N. Lads, MG.Mandel and F.I. way, Fundamentals of drug metabolism & disposition, William & welking co, Baltimore USA.
7. C. Hansch, Comprehensive medicinal chemistry, Vol 1 – 6 Elsevier pergmon 8. Daniel lednicer, Strategies For Organic Drug Synthesis And Design, John 9. Rama Rao Nadendla, Medicinal chemistry, Pharma Book Syndicate, 10.D. Lednicer, Organic drug synthesis, Vol, 1 – 6, J.Wiley N.Y.
A.N.U. B.PHARMACY SYLLABUS (WITH EFFECT FROM 2008 - 09 ACADEMIC YEAR) II/IV B.Pharmacy (4th Semester)
PHARMACEUTICAL CHEMISTRY-II, (MEDICINAL -I) Outline the importance of any two physicochemical parameters inrelation to biological activity. Explain with suitable examples.
Classify sulfonamides with examples, discuss the SAR andmention their mode of action.
Give the chemical classification of antibiotics. Give an account ofthe chemistry and stability of penicillin molecule.
What are antimalarials ? Classify them with examples and discussthe SAR ? Add a note on the current status of malaria in India.
What are antifungal agents ? Give the classification, mechanismand SAR of azole antifungal agents ? What are antineoplastic agents ? Classify them with examples.
Discuss the mode of action of alkylating agents ? Explain briefly how partition coefficient influences biologicalactivity ? Define and classify receptors with suitable examples ? Outline the synthesis and uses of sulfamethoxazole.
What is crystal urea ? Suggest the preventive measures of crystalurea.
Write a short note on β-lactamase inhibitors Give an account of epimerisation and chelation of tetracyclins.
Outline the synthesis and mode of action of Albendazole.
Give the structure and chemical name of any two antiamoebicagents.
Give the synthetic scheme for flucytocine Write short notes on anti-tubercular agents.
Give a brief note on chemistry of DNA polymerase inhibitors.
Write short notes on plant products used in cancer chemotherapy.
A.N.U. B.PHARMACY SYLLABUS (WITH EFFECT FROM 2008 - 09 ACADEMIC YEAR) II/IV B.Pharmacy (4th Semester)
402 PHYSICAL PHARMACY-II (Theory) (75 hrs.) Study of the applications of physicochemical principles to pharmacy with Solubility and Distribution phenomena : Solvent-Solute interactions, solubility of gases in liquids, liquids in liquids, solids in liquids, distribution of solutes in immiscible solvents. Introduction to phenomena of diffusion : Ficks first Complexation : Types of Complexes, methods of analysis, complexation and Kinetics : Rates and orders of reactions, determination of order of a reaction. Influence of temperature and other factors on reaction rates.
Decomposition of medicinal agents. Methods and principles of stabilization, Interfacial Phenomena : Liquid interfaces, measurement of surface and interfacial tensions, adsorption at liqud interfaces. Surface active agents, sytems of hydrophillic – lipophillic classification. Adsorption at solid interfaces.
Electrical properties of interfaces.
Colloids and macromolecular systems : Types of colloidal systems, propertiesof colloidal Systems, solubilization.
Micromeritics : Particle size and size distribution, methods of determination of particle size, particle shapes and surface area.
Rheology : Newtonian and Non-Newtonian systems. Thixotropy, its measurement and applications in formulations. Determination viscosity using rotational viscometers and its applications.
Coarse Dispersions : Suspensions, emulsions and semisolids : Suspensions : Interfacial properties of suspended particles, in suspensions, formulation of suspensions.
Emulsions : Theories of emulsification, physical stability of emulsions, preservation of emulsions.
Rheological properties of emulsions, suspensions and semisolids.
A.N.U. B.PHARMACY SYLLABUS (WITH EFFECT FROM 2008 - 09 ACADEMIC YEAR) II/IV B.Pharmacy (4th Semester)
403 PHYSICAL PHARMACY-II (Practicals) (75 hrs.) Effect of phase volume ratio on stability of an emulsion.
Determination of partition coefficient of salicylic acid between water Determination of first order rate constant associated with 06*. Determination of HLB value of Tween-80 07*. Determination of critical micellar concentration of tween-80.
Micellar solubilisation of poorly soluble drugs.
09*. Determination of first order rate constant associated with Determination of particle size by stokes method.
Accelerated stability testing of a tablet formulation-I.
Accelerated stability testing of a tablet formulation – II.
Accelerated stability testing of a tablet formulation by short cut method.
14*. Calibration of eye piece micrometer using stage micrometer and determination of globule size of an emulsion.
15*. Study of adsorption of oxalic acid on charcoal.
02.Remington’s Pharmaceutical Sciences.
A.N.U. B.PHARMACY SYLLABUS (WITH EFFECT FROM 2008 - 09 ACADEMIC YEAR) II/IV B.Pharmacy (4th Semester)
State and explain Nerns’t distribution law . Discuss its applicationin determination of stability constant of a complex with an example.
Discuss the principle and method involved in accelerated stabilitytesting of dosage forms. Give its limitations.
With a neat labelled diagram explain the concept of electric doublelayer at solid liquid interfaces. Give the significance of zeta potential informulations of suspensions.
What are colloids. Discuss the optical and kinetic properties of colloids.
What is thixotrophy. Discuss the methods to measure it and giveapplications of thixotrophy in pharmacy.
Differentiate between flocculated and deflocculated suspension.
Taking an example, explain about controlled flocculation.
State and explain Fick’s first law of diffusion.
Give the applications of complexation in pharmacy Differentiate between zero order and first order kinetics.
A tablet contains 500 mg of paracetamol. The tablet wasmanufactured on 10/07/1999. Paracetamol in the tabletdecomposes according to zero order kinetics at the rate of 10 mg/year. What is the expiry date to be printed on the label.
What is HLB value. Give the funtional classificaton of surfactantsbasing on HLB value. Give any one method for determination ofHLB value of a surfactant.
Write notes on spreading and spreading coefficient.
What is total porosity, inter particle porosity and inter particleporosity. Give its significance in pharmacy.
Write notes on micellar solubilization.
How do you determine the viscosity of a pseudoplastic systemusing stormer viscometer.
Discuss the rheology of Bingham bodies.
How do you evaluate the physical stability of emulsions.
Write notes on sedimentation parameters of suspensions.
II/IV B.Pharmacy (4th Semester)
A.N.U. B.PHARMACY SYLLABUS (WITH EFFECT FROM 2008 - 09 ACADEMIC YEAR) II/IV B.Pharmacy (4th Semester)
Unit : 01Definition, classification, some properties and reactions of carbohy-drates,lipids and proteins. Diseases related to their metabolism.
Unit : 02Carbohydrate metabolism : Glycolysis, glycogenolysis, gluconeogenesis, Krebs’cycle, direct oxidative pathway (HMP). Metabolism of lipids. Essentials of fattyacids, Oxidation of fatty acids, ketogenesis, biosynthesis of fatty acids andchlolesterol.
Unit : 03Metabolism of Proteins and Amino acids : Essential and Non essential Aminoacids, general metabolic reactions of amino acids like deamination,transamination, decarboxylation, urea cycle : metabolism of the followingaminoacids, glycine, phenylalanine, tyrosine, cyctein, cystine, methionine,tryptophan, valise and lysine.
Unit : 04Enzymes: classification, structure, mechanism of enzyme action properties,factors influencing enzyme action, activators and deactivators of enzymes ,competitive and noncompetitive inhibition with respect to drug action,co-enzymes.
Unit : 05Bio-chemistry of important body fluids. The biochemical role of minerals,water vitamins and hormones. A brief outline of energy and phosphatemetabolism and detoxication mechanisms.
Unit : 06The Principles involved and the method used in qualitative and quantitativeanalysis ofa) Blood for the following constituents :Glucose ,urea, cholesterol, bile salts , bile pigments, creatinine, calcium,phosphates, SGPT and SGOPT.
b) Urine for the following constituents :Gglucose , ketone bodies, bile Salts, bile pigments, and albuminc) Introduction to pathology of blood and urine(1) Lymphocytes and Platelets , their role in health and disease(2) Erythrocytes Abnormal cells, their significance(3) Abnormal constituents of urine and their significance in disease.
A.N.U. B.PHARMACY SYLLABUS (WITH EFFECT FROM 2008 - 09 ACADEMIC YEAR) II/IV B.Pharmacy (4th Semester)
405 APPLIED BIOCHEMISTRY & CLINICAL PATHOLOGY (Glucose, Fructose, Maltose, Lactose, Sucrose, Starch).
Qualitative analysis of Amino acids (Glycine, Tyrosine, Cysteine Qualitative analysis of Proteins (Albumin, Casein, Gelatin, Peptone) Identification of normal and abnormal constituents in normal urine Identification of abnormal constituents in the given sample.
06*. Estimation of glucose in urine.
07*. Colorimetric estimation of tyrosine.
08*. Estimation of creatinine in urine.
09*. Estimation of glucose in blood.
10*. Estimation of creatinine in blood.
11*. Estimation of valine by formal titration.
Text book of Biochemistry by D.M.Vasudevan, Sree Kumari S Medical Biochemistry by N.Mallikarjuna Rao Test book of Biochemistry with clinical correlatives by Devlin.
A.N.U. B.PHARMACY SYLLABUS (WITH EFFECT FROM 2008 - 09 ACADEMIC YEAR) II/IV B.Pharmacy (4th Semester)
Explain the color reactions of proteins.
Discuss the direct oxidative pathway for the metabolism of glucose Explain the general metabolic reactions of amino acids What are enzymes ? Give the classification of enzymes withsuitable examples.
Write an assay on biochemistry of body fluids.
Write the principles of methods used in quantitative analysis ofcalcium and creatinine in blood ? What are essential and non-essential amino acids ? Discuss the Haworth’s cyclic structures of monosaccharides Discuss briefly about the metabolism of glycine Write a note on mechanism of enzymic action.
Give an account of phosphate metabolism.
Explain the biochemical role of vitamin-C Role of lymphocytes in health and disease.
How do you identify glucose and blood in urine ? Give thesignificance of above two abnormal constituents.
II/IV B.Pharmacy (4th Semester)
405 APPLIED BIO-CHEMISTRY AND CLINICAL PATHOLOGY A.N.U. B.PHARMACY SYLLABUS (WITH EFFECT FROM 2008 - 09 ACADEMIC YEAR) II/IV B.PHARMACY (4th SEMESTER)
406 FORENSIC PHARMACY (Theory) (75 hrs.) Evolution of pharmaceutical and drug legislation in India –Code of Legislation to regulate the profession of the pharmacy. The Legislation to regulate the import, manufacture, distribution and sales of drugs and cosmetics – The Drugs and cosmetics Act 1940 and Drugs and Cosmetics Rules 1945, as corrected upto –date.
Legislation to control the advertisements , excise duties and price of drugs.
The Drugs and Magic Remedies (Objectionable advertisement Act.) Drugs ( Price Control) Order ,1970 as corrected upto-date Legislations to control the operations regulating to dangerous drugs, b) The Narcotic Drugs and Psychotropic Substances act, 1985.
Other Legislation’s relating to Pharmaceutical Industry and profession.
The Indian Patents and Designs Act,1970 with reference to the Drugs Medical Termination of Pregnancy Act.
Prevention of Cruelty to Animals Act 1960.
Text book of Forensic Pharmacy, C.K.Kokate, S.B.Gokhale Forensic Pharmacy by B.S.Kuchekar, A.H.Khadatara, Sachin.C. Itkar.
Pharmaceutical jurisprudence and ethics by S.P.Agarwal, Rajesh Kanna A.N.U. B.PHARMACY SYLLABUS (WITH EFFECT FROM 2008 - 09 ACADEMIC YEAR) II/IV B.PHARMACY (4th SEMESTER)
What are the objectives of pharmacy act, Discuss the constitutionand functions of pharmacy council of India Classify the licenses issued for the sale of drugs. Explain thelicensing requirements and procedure involved in retail sale ofdrugs.
What are the administrative bodies constituted under drugs andcosmetics act. Write the constitution and functions of DTAB Define (A) Bonded manufactory (B) Proof spirit. Explain the stepsinvolved in the manufacture of medicinal preparations in a bondedmanufactury What are narcotic drugs and psychotropic substances. Explain thevarious controlled operations and measures taken by centralgovernment to prevent illicit traffic in narcotics and psychotropicsubstances What is (A) Patent (B) Invention. Mention the inventionspatentable under the patents act. Write the procedure involved inpatenting Enumerate the events before 1940 that led to the enactment bypharmacy act.
Explain the code of ethics of pharmacist in relation to trade.
Mention the classes of drugs prohibited for import into india.
Write the procedure for importing drugs.
What are the qualifications and duties of government analyst.
Write a note on schedules to the drugs and cosmetics act 1945.
Define (A) drug (B) cosmetic (C) Misbranded drug (D) Spuriousdrug.
What are the salient features of DPCO 1987 and DPCO 1995.
List out the advertisements prohibited under objectionableadvertisement act.
What is opium poppy. Explain the cultivation of opium.
Write short notes on poisons act and rules.
What are the conditions of working laid down under the shops andestablishment act.
Write the constitution and functions of Institutional animal ethicscommittee.
A.N.U. B.PHARMACY SYLLABUS (WITH EFFECT FROM 2008 - 09 ACADEMIC YEAR) (LANGUAGE LABORATORY) (Practicals) (50 hrs.) ii. Tips to learn english languageiii. Articlesiv. Complete version of parts of speechv. Complete version of tensesvi. Direct and indirect speechvii. Active and passive voicevii. Analysis of sentences ix. Degrees of comparison x. Question tags ii. Non - verbal - posture and gesture; facial expressions; 03. Accent – Modulation / Pronunciation ii. Stress and rhythm in corrected speechiii.
Intonation - falling pitch, rising pitch, rising – falling tone ii. Level - II wordsiii. Level – III words iv. Synonyms and antonyms and their basic word i. Topics to be practiced orally and in written form to enhance speaking skills and writing skills.
ii. Resume preparationiii. Conversation and telephone etiquette skills A.N.U. B.PHARMACY SYLLABUS (WITH EFFECT FROM 2008 - 09 ACADEMIC YEAR) Students are advised to involve in this activity as itdevelops one’s potentiality and to a creative way ofthinking and their involvement in general awareness.
The art of being dynamic – four dimensions ii. Self-analyzing questionsiii. Human refinement and soft Skills ii. Status of english in Indiaiii. Language and communication skillsiv. Communication skills in corporate requirements Some selected GD topics for practice purpose ii. Most often asked questions in IELTS / TOEFL A short inspiring story on the importance of perfection Tips to learn English Grammar and Spoken English English Lab for B.Pharmacy Students by Anthony Interview and Group discussion skills with mind blowingquestions and top class logical answers by Anthony English grammar and composition by Wren & Martin A.N.U. B.PHARMACY SYLLABUS (WITH EFFECT FROM 2008 - 09 ACADEMIC YEAR) II/IV B.PHARMACY (4th SEMESTER)
English & Communication Skills (Language Lab) Write all the rules and regulations of Direct speech and indirect (5M) The movie was (so/such) boring she fell a sleep She (laid/lay) the book on the table.
You can choose from (among/between) five prizes.
Choose the correct from of the verb.
I would like __________ the President of our country You didn’t need _________any more eggs.
Could I _____________ your dictionary, please ? Language laboratory online exercises in Language laboratory

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