FactSHEET YEAST INFECTIONS
Yeast infections are very common fungal infections in HIV positive women. There is awide variety of treatment options available. What is a yeast infection? Prevention
A yeast infection is the common name for a
Because the Candida fungus naturally lives in
fungal infection of the vagina or vulva. It is
or on our bodies, it is impossible to avoid it.
caused by an overgrowth of Candida, a fungus
However, there are several ways to help keep
gastrointestinal tract and vagina, as well as
on the skin. Candida is part of the normal
• Cutting down on sugars and starchy food
“flora” of bacteria and fungi that live in or on
has been suggested as a way of helping to
the human body. Candida causes health
problems only when there is an overgrowth.
• Unsweetened yogurt with live bacterial
culture (Lactobacillus acidophilus) is a
What are the symptoms of a
popular remedy for yeast infections. Eating
yeast infection?
8 ounces of “live” yoghurt every day may
help reduce yeast infections. Supplements
A yeast infection can cause an itching or
of Lactobacillus acidophilus are often
burning feeling of the skin outside the vagina,
and a thick, white vaginal discharge. Many
women get yeast infections, but HIV positive
women may get them more often and they may
be more difficult to control. Yeast infections
can appear at any CD4+ count, but they may
Treatment
become more severe as the count drops.
The treatments for yeast infections can be
Diagnosis
Yeast infections may be diagnosed on the basis
• topical treatments (creams and lozenges),
of symptoms and the patient’s history. The
where the drug is in direct contact with the
doctor may also take a swab of the vagina
• systemic treatments (pills or capsules),
microscope to be certain that Candida is the
where the drug is circulated throughout the
CATIE FactSHEET Yeast Infections, page 1 of 3 Topical treatments are cheap and have almost Disclaimer
no side effects. However, they can be messy
and often take longer to work than systemic
Decisions about particular medical treatments should always be
treatments. Although they are convenient,
made in consultation with a qualified medical practitioner knowledgeable about HIV-related illness and the treatments in
systemic treatments are more expensive and
question.
they may cause side effects or interactions
The Canadian AIDS Treatment Information Exchange (CATIE)
in good faith provides information resources to help peopleliving with HIV/AIDS who wish to manage their own health
The most common topical treatments for yeast
care in partnership with their care providers. Information
accessed through or published or provided by CATIE, however,
is not to be considered medical advice. We do not recommend
(Micozole, Monistat) creams or suppositories
or advocate particular treatments and we urge users to consultas broad a range of sources as possible. We strongly urge
users to consult with a qualified medical practitioner prior toundertaking any decision, use or action of a medical nature.
The most effective systemic treatment for yeast
infections is 150 mg fluconazole (sold under
We do not guarantee the accuracy or completeness of anyinformation accessed through or published or provided by CATIE.
the brand name Diflucan) taken once a day for
Users relying on this information do so entirely at their own
one to three days. Systemic treatments may
risk. Neither CATIE nor Health Canada nor any of their
also be prescribed for yeast infections that don’t
employees, directors, officers or volunteers may be held liable
clear up with topical treatments or for infections
for damages of any kind that may result from the use or misuseof any such information. The views expressed herein or in any
article or publication accessed or published or provided by
fluconazole (Diflucan) or 400 mg ketoconazole
CATIE are solely those of the authors and do not reflect the
(Nizoral) are taken daily for up to 14 days.
policies or opinions of CATIE or the official policy of the Ministerof Health Canada. Permission to reproduce
This document is copyrighted. It may be reprinted
and distributed in its entirety for non-commercialpurposes without prior permission, but permission
must be obtained to edit its content. The followingcredit must appear on any reprint: This informationwas provided by the Canadian AIDS TreatmentInformation Exchange (CATIE). For more information,contact CATIE at 1.800.263.1638.CATIE FactSHEET Yeast Infections, page 2 of 3 Contact CATIE by telephone
416.203.7122 by fax
416.203.8284 by e-mail [email protected] on the Web
http://www.catie.ca by mail
Funding has been provided by Health Canada,under the Canadian Strategy on HIV/AIDS. CATIE FactSHEET Yeast Infections, page 3 of 3
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